(Peer-Reviewed) Projection micro stereolithography based 3D printing and its applications
Qi Ge 葛锜 ¹, Zhiqin Li 李志琴 ², Zhaolong Wang 王兆龙 ³, Kavin Kowsari ⁴, Wang Zhang 张旺 ⁵, Xiangnan He 何向楠 ¹, Jianlin Zhou 周建林 ², Nicholas X Fang 方绚莱 ⁴
¹ Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
中国 广东 深圳 南方科技大学机械与能源工程系
² BMF Material Technology Inc., Shenzhen 518110, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
中国 广东 深圳 深圳摩方材料科技有限公司
³ State-Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, People's Republic of China
中国 湖南 长沙 湖南大学机械与运载工程学院 汽车车身先进设计制造国家重点实验室
⁴ Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307, United States of America
⁵ Digital Manufacturing and Design Centre, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 487372, Singapore
Abstract
Projection micro stereolithography (PμSL) is a high-resolution (up to 0.6 μm) 3D printing technology based on area projection triggered photopolymerization, and capable of fabricating complex 3D architectures covering multiple scales and with multiple materials. This paper reviews the recent development of the PμSL based 3D printing technologies, together with the related applications.
It introduces the working principle, the commercialized products, and the recent multiscale, multimaterial printing capability of PμSL as well as some functional photopolymers that are suitable to PμSL. This review paper also summarizes a few typical applications of PμSL including mechanical metamaterials, optical components, 4D printing, bioinspired materials and biomedical applications, and offers perspectives on the directions of the further development of PμSL based 3D printing technology.
A hybrid integrated high-precision tunable semiconductor laser
Yiran Zhu, Botao Fu, Zhiwei Fang, Qiyue Hu, Jianping Yu, Yunpeng Song, Yu Ma, Min Wang, Kunpeng Jia, Zhenda Xie, Ya Cheng
Opto-Electronic Advances
2026-02-12
Millisecond-level electrically switchable metalens for adaptive rotational depth mapping and diffraction-limited imaging
Yeseul Kim, Jihae Lee, Won-Sik Kim, Hyeonsu Heo, Dongmin Jeon, Beomha Yang, Xiaotong Li, Harit Keawmuang, Shiqi Hu, Young-Ki Kim, Trevon Badloe, Junsuk Rho
Opto-Electronic Advances
2026-02-12
Integrated metasurface-freeform system enabled multi-focal planes augmented reality display
Shifei Zhang, Lina Gao, Yidan Zhao, Yongdong Wang, Bo Wang, Junjie Li, Jiaxi Duan, Dewen Cheng, Cheng-Wei Qiu, Yongtian Wang, Tong Yang, Lingling Huang
Opto-Electronic Science
2026-01-23
