(Peer-Reviewed) Fabrication and characterization of mussel-inspired layer-by-layer assembled CL-20-based energetic films via micro-jet printing
	
		Chun-yan Li ¹ ³, Sheng Kong 孔胜 ¹, Dong-jie Liao ¹, Chong-wei An 安崇伟 ¹ ², Bao-yun Ye 叶宝云 ¹ ², Jing-yu Wang 王晶禹 ¹ ²
			
				¹ School of Environment and Safety Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, Shanxi, China
中国 陕西 太原 中北大学环境与安全工程学院
² Shanxi Engineering Technology Research Center for Ultrafine Powder, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, Shanxi, China
中国 陕西 太原 中北大学 山西省超细粉体工程技术研究中心
³ Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, 030008, Shanxi, China
中国 陕西 太原 太原工业学院
			
			
		
		
			
		
		
	 
	
	
	Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) micro-jet printing is a droplet deposition technique based on liquid-phase materials. To improve the deposition density and performance of energetic films with micro/nanoscale on an energetic chip, polydopamine (PDA) was utilized as a linker bridge to induce the in-situ self-assembly of CL-20-based energetic film via 3D micro-jet printing. The self-assembly was extensively characterized by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), SEM, power-XRD, XPS, and DSC. The performance of the self-assembled film was verified by the mechanical properties and detonation properties, and a possible self-assembly mechanism in the layer-by-layer micro-jet printing process was proposed. 
The results indicated PDA-induced self-assembly enhanced the physical entanglement between the binders and energetic crystal, reduced the porosity from 15.87% to 11.28%, and improved the elastic modulus and the detonation performance of the CL-20-based energetic film. This work proposes a novel and promising energetic film design and fabrication strategy to enhance the interaction between the energetic composite layers in the micro-jet printing process.
	
	
	
	
	
	
		    
		    
    			
		    
    			
		        Meta-lens digital image correlation
		        
		        Zhou Zhao,  Xiaoyuan Liu,  Yu Ji,  Yukun Zhang,  Yong Chen,  Zhendong Luo,  Yuzhou Song,  Zihan Geng,  Takuo Tanaka,  Fei Qi,  Shengxian Shi,  Mu Ku Chen
		        Opto-Electronic Advances
		        
		        		        		2025-07-29
		        	
		     
		    
    			
		        Broadband ultrasound generator over fiber-optic tip for in vivo emotional stress modulation
		        
		        Jiapu Li,  Xinghua Liu,  Zhuohua Xiao,  Shengjiang Yang,  Zhanfei Li,  Xin Gui,  Meng Shen,  He Jiang,  Xuelei Fu,  Yiming Wang,  Song Gong,  Tuan Guo,  Zhengying Li
		        Opto-Electronic Science
		        
		        		        		2025-07-25
		        	
		     
		    
    			
		    
    			
		        Review for wireless communication technology based on digital encoding metasurfaces
		        
		        Haojie Zhan,  Manna Gu,  Ying Tian,  Huizhen Feng,  Mingmin Zhu,  Haomiao Zhou,  Yongxing Jin,  Ying Tang,  Chenxia Li,  Bo Fang,  Zhi Hong,  Xufeng Jing,  Le Wang
		        Opto-Electronic Advances
		        
		        		        		2025-07-17