(Peer-Reviewed) Triggering mechanism and dynamic process of water-rock flow in Nanfen waste dump in 2010
Chun-hui Cao 曹春辉 ¹ ², Ji-li Feng 冯吉利 ¹ ², Zhi-gang Tao 陶志刚 ¹ ²
¹ State Key Laboratory for Deep Geomechanics and Underground Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
中国 北京 中国矿业大学 深部岩土力学与地下工程国家重点实验室
² School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
中国 北京 中国矿业大学（北京）力学与建筑工程学院
Abstract
Water-rock flow is a kind of debris flow with more coarse particles and low viscosity, which occurs in many areas of the world. In this work, the water-rock flow that occurred on May 24, 2010, at Nanfen’s open-pit mine of China was investigated by combining field investigation, meteorological and hydrological survey with numerical simulation to understand its triggering mechanism and dynamic process.
The field data shows that the short-term high-intensity rainfall is the most direct inducement to trigger water-rock flow in the waste dump. The loose shallow gravel soil and the V-shaped valley with a certain slope provide the necessary conditions of the occurrence of water-rock flow in the waste dump. Moreover, the possibility criterion of water-rock flow is presented by analyzing the historical rainfall data. In addition, the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method was employed to simulate the water-rock flow under the conditions of Newtonian fluid with uniform distribution of water and coarse-grained materials.
The simulating results show that the flow distance, velocity, shape, and deposition profile of water-rock flow are in good agreement with the field observation. The present work is beneficial to the risk assessment and mitigation design of water-rock flow disaster in the waste dump.
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